应该公开纠正的一个错误答案

本文指出了一些电动力学教材中一个习题答案的错误，并给出了两种正确解法．导致此错的解法已延续多年，有公开纠正之必要．     

从单一多位交换~(119)Sn二维交换谱求取SnCl_6~(2-)水解体系的动态交换速率常数

本文对如何从单一二维交换谱提取速率常数进行了理论分析,提出了一种近似处理方法,即把较短混合时间τ_m内在二维平面上磁化强度传递看成是单向进行的,进而导出了二维交换谱中所有峰强随τ_m变化的表达式。所得结果与Ernst的精确结果在一级近似下完全一致,在二级近似下略有不同,但将难以求解的问题转化成简单的代数方程、用这一方法对新近获得的SnCl_4·5H_2O在水溶液中的~(119)Sn二维交换谱进行了处理,得到与实验相吻合的结果,并求得了SnCI_6~(2-)水解体系的动态交换速率常数。     

n—型聚乙炔复合膜电极性能的研究

自MacDiarmid等将聚乙炔(PA)做为二次电池的电极材料以来,其电化学特性和行为引起了人们的极大兴趣.随后的研究表明,p-型PA[(CH)~(y )Ay~-]_x在电解液中不稳定,用ClO_4~-掺杂的PA充放循环时有降解发生.n-型PA[My~ (CH)~(y-)]_x(y≤0.10)在THF/LiClO_4电解质中较稳定,电化学还原完全可逆,目前已实现1100次充放循环.因此,它既可做电池的正极材料(碱金属为负极),又可做负极材料(TiS_2为正极).我们发现     

Ultra-longer fiber cantilever taper for simultaneous measurement of temperature and relative humidity

An ultra-longer fiber cantilever taper for simultaneous measurement of the temperature and relative humidity (RH) with high sensitivities was proposed. The structure was fabricated by using the simple and cost-effective method only including fiber cleaving, splicing, and tapering. The length of the cantilever taper is about 1.5 mm. The dip A and dip B were measured simultaneously, owing to the ultra-long length and super-fine size, the temperature sensitivities of the dip A and dip B reached as high as 127.3 pm/℃ and 0 pm/℃ between 25 ℃ and 50 ℃, and the RH sensitivities are -31.2 pm/% RH and -29.2 pm/% RH with a broad RH interval ranging from 20% RH to 70% RH. Besides, the proposed structure showed good linearity in the sensing process and small temperature crosstalk. It will be found in wide applications in environmental monitoring, food processing, and industries.     

Electronic and optical properties of 3N-doped graphdiyne/MoS2 heterostructures tuned by biaxial strain and external electric field

The construction of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures by stacking different two-dimensional layered materials have been recognised as an effective strategy to obtain the desired properties. The 3N-doped graphdiyne (N-GY) has been successfully synthesized in the laboratory. It could be assembled into a supercapacitor and can be used for tensile energy storage. However, the flat band and wide forbidden bands could hinder its application of N-GY layer in optoelectronic and nanoelectronic devices. In order to extend the application of N-GY layer in electronic devices, MoS₂ was selected to construct an N-GY/MoS₂ heterostructure due to its good electronic and optical properties. The N-GY/MoS₂ heterostructure has an optical absorption range from the visible to ultraviolet with a absorption coefficient of 10⁵ cm^-1. The N-GY/MoS₂ heterostructure exhibits a type-Ⅱ band alignment allows the electron-hole to be located on N-GY and MoS₂ respectively, which can further reduce the electron-hole complexation to increase exciton lifetime. The power conversion efficiency of N-GY/MoS₂ heterostructure is up to 17.77%, indicating it is a promising candidate material for solar cells. In addition, the external electric field and biaxial strain could effectively tune the electronic structure. Our results provide a theoretical support for the design and application of N-GY/MoS₂ vdW heterostructures in semiconductor sensors and photovoltaic devices.     

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution of wavelength division multiplexing with multiple quantum channels

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution (RFI-QKD) can allow a quantum key distribution system to obtain the ideal key rate and transmission distance without reference system calibration, which has attracted much attention. Here, we propose an RFI-QKD protocol based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) considering finite-key analysis and crosstalk. The finite-key bound for RFI-QKD with decoy states is derived under the crosstalk of WDM. The resulting secret key rate of RFI-QKD, which is more rigorous, is obtained. Simulation results reveal that the secret key rate of RFI-QKD based on WDM is affected by the multiplexing channel number, as well as crosstalk between adjacent channels.     

部分均匀荷载作用下圆板塑性极限统一解

本文采用俞茂宏双剪统一屈服准则求解部分均匀荷载下简支圆板的塑性极限，已有的最大主应力准则、Ｔｒｅｓｃａ准则，Ｍｉｓｅｓ准则的解答均是该解答的特例或线性逼近。该解答可以适合于多种工程材料，具有普遍性和适用性，从得出的解析解和图示中可得出一些新的有益的认识     

酚醛树脂层压基板真空热裂解产物分析表征

利用程序升温的热解炉反应器对酚醛树脂层压基板进行真空热裂解,通过元素分析、傅里叶红外(FT-IR)分析和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析,对原料及产物油成分进行了表征。研究表明,热解油上层清液主要是一些较易溶于水的物质,如苯酚、甲酚、二甲酚、糖类、乙内酰脲类、吗啉类、吡喃酮类和吡啶类化合物等;而下层沉淀则主要为不溶或难溶于水的物质,如大取代基酚类(取代基碳原子数≥2)、磷酸三芳基酯类、脂肪酸酯类和腈类化合物等。其中,三聚氰胺在上层清液和下层沉淀中都有较高的含量。     

真空蒸馏预富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铂

建立了真空蒸馏预富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铅试样中微量铂的方法.在真空条件下,利用Pb和Pt在较高温度下蒸汽压的差别进行分离,富集后的铂溶解制成溶液后进行电感耦合等离子体发射光谱检测,实现了真空密闭回收铅.针对试样的特点,对真空蒸馏方法理论上的可行性进行研究.结果表明:在蒸馏温度为1250 K,真空度为30 Pa,蒸馏时间为3 h条件下,铂的富集分离效果最好,可富集至99.01%以上.线性范围为0.023～20 mg/L,检出限(3σ)为0.0069 mg/L,对样品测定的相对标准偏差为1.7%(n=6).用本方法对样品中加入的铂标准溶液进行了测定,回收率为99.8%～103.0%.本方法简便快速、无污染,已应用于废电路板贵金属冶余物料中铂的测定.     

联苯并咪唑化合物的合成、表征与抗癌活性

以联苯四胺、芳香醛为原料,DMF为溶剂,KI为催化剂,在空气存在下回流反应,合成了6种新的联苯并咪唑化合物,产率较高(58.4%～98.0%),其结构用IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS、元素分析等测试技术进行了表征。适宜的合成条件是:反应温度150℃,反应时间12h。初步测试表明,目标化合物对培养人肝癌Bel-7402细胞生长有一定抑制活性。